Tewolde Genenie Essay - 825 Words

Tewolde Genenie (Essay Sample) Content: Tewolde GenenieProfessor Odhiambo OluochEnglish 65428 January 2014Pessimists can turn out to be right, but optimists are more likely to enjoy themselves.In the past years, research on optimism/ pessimist has established more attention because of its impact on psychological, mental and social being.According to my finding, the above statement is very true, a good way to have a clear view of this is to know what exactly being pessimist or optimist is.Pessimists are the individuals that believe that things are normally not good and that they might even get worse. The always have a feeling that bad things that happen are permanent and will always continue and have an effect in their lives. The foundation of pessimist's attitude is unaided and not anything they do will make a change, so why even try.Optimists have a believe that the universe is positive habitat and setbacks are not permanent, that setbacks are stepping stone to success and that each creature plays an activ e role in the daily life happenings. Optimistic individual have less infectious disease, better body response system, in general better health tendency and have a longer life.Most of us can encounter the trap somewhere in amid, by any chance if someone find himself moving towards the negative side often, Therefore, individual should look at your overall perspective.Optimistsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ individuals are more likely to enjoy themselves because they feel happy inside. Pessimists always do not. It seems too simple, but it means that optimists feel great about things. Pessimist always complain, do not feel content with themselves which make others feel the same for them, though to some extent they are right about their feelings, things might not be going right on their side. Nevertheless, they can be taught to change their attitude and be optimistic through learning cognitive skills. "An optimist is an individual who gets chased by a lion, and have fun of the scenery."An Individual can in ternalize this perception in your life, through being aware of how individual react to the goings around individual.People with higher optimistic life direction experience everyday activities in a positive way and expect more positive result than pessimist (scheier Carver, 1985). People can understand Positive orientation of life as being of benefit to health as high optimistic people appear to magnetize supportive social relations, and have different health routine than pessimists, who have a tendency of giving up and turn in stressful situations (Brisette, Scheier, carver, 2002; Scheier carver, 1992; Smith William, 1992). Nevertheless, empirical evidence showing that higher optimism can reduce health problem risk remains inconclusive.There are few eventual studies that connect life orientation with the growth of serious physical sickness. The Normative Aging Study on old men with no cardiovascular infection at entry into the study shows optimism to be linked with lower occurr ence of coronary heart infection. In regard to this, other studies found a reduced danger of heart infection for people with low pessimism.In spite of the broad indication on the association amid life orientation and health, it may be premature to come to a conclusion that lower health danger in optimists is a product of nature that protects against adverse effects of traumatic life events.LearninginformationoptimismareahelpscholarsuccessfulcitizenandattendsocialrolesrightlybecausecapabilitydealtribulationsandcapacitieslookingforsocialsupporttherightplaceandtimePessimists have learned to distance themselves and this coping strategy may not be substantially less adaptive than active problem-focused coping immediately after an uncontrollable rigorous event as the death of a family member (Bonano, 2004). Instead of moderated effect, higher pessimism can relate as ...

Study And Overview Of Multinational Banking - Free Essay Example

Introduction : Banks have always been a topic of great discussion as well as great importance. The Banks have been an integral part of the whole economy of the country and hence add greater value to its existence. However, the past suggests that the banks have broken their domestic shackles and entered different markets in foreign countries. Global banking has then emerged as one the most important and biggest industry in the world. This was primarily because of the assessments made by bank management on the growth and profits associated with globalization. In the current scenario, almost every bank internationalizes its operation sooner or later and hence makes it even more important to understand the associated concepts in globalization policy. The research is to propose a well scrutinized description of its determinants and risks associated with it. A further emphasis is given in regards to the risks of multinational banking as the past decades have experienced a lot of banking crises which many regard as an adverse effect created by diversification of banks. Studies in the past have more been on the FDI made by Multinational corporations in trade industry however less has been written about FDI in banking industry even though they have been neck and neck with the other industries in terms of globalization with banks such as HSBC, ICICI, JP Morgan, Citibank, Royal Bank of Scotland and Barclays heading the way. The massive banking industry makes it very difficult to conduct a complete study of all its aspects and hence the key aspects of its globalization have been considered and researched. The involvement of the author in a research related to the study of multinational banking is caused because of the following reasons: Firstly, banking industry has been a key sector in the economy of any country and the success of a country has at times also depended on the functioning of its banks. Secondly, the author has immense interest in the banking field and has always been fascinated by the activities and operations of banks across the globe. Lastly, the personal interests of the author in the globalization field as how and when have firms entered foreign markets. Hence, the investigation of cross country banking industry has made the study very appealing The primary objective of thi s study is to investigate and highlight the determinants for the growth of multinational banks and to develop an integrated approach to explain the phenomenon of multi nationalization of the banking industry. Also, to intricate the risk associated with multi nationalizing of banking operations. The primary consideration underlying the study is the fact that most of the research and resulting hypothesis are confined to manufacturing and extractive industries. Indeed, lack of empirical studies on multinational banking was also highlighted by Aliber (1984) in the only survey of the literature on this subject. The following are the specific questions that have been dealt and explained in the research study: What are the key determinants behind a bank opting for globalization of its activities? Why do some banks and not others adopt this policy? Why is foreign rather than domestic operation advantageous in serving foreign markets? What are the risks associated with globalizin g of banking activities? What are the key considerations in terms of which host country to invest and globalize activities in? The research strategy, design and methodology provide the reader with an in depth view into the framework of the research process undertaken for this study. A separate section has been created called Research Methodology which analyses all the various techniques used in the research such as a research design, difference between the various types of research and the ethod adopted. Also, it highlights the sample used for conducting the primary research and also the research method adopted to collect the primary data. The primary data to brief it up has been collected through a qualitative in depth interview covering a sample of five management level interviewees from banks of UK as well . This chapter starts of with the significance of the commencement of the study highlighting the key reasons behind the selection of the topic and includes a backgroun d to the study as well as the personal interests of the researcher which further motivated the specific research. Also, the chapter lays down the aims and objectives of the research with a brief introduction to all chapters included in the study. This chapter has been further divided into two chapters. Chapter 2A stresses on the multinational banking industry as a whole and lays down the definitions and the key characteristics of international banking. Also, it highlights the various entry method options available to a bank in entering specific foreign markets. Chapter 2B then emphasizes on the growth of this industry and reasons behind its outburst. Determinants and risks associated with global banking are discussed in the next section. The chapter ends with a schematic conceptual model developed by the researcher to diagrammatically explain the multinational banking phenomenon. This chapter has been prepared to give insight to the way the whole research has been conducted. T he chapter starts of with a strategy of adopting the form of research design and then follows a pattern of discussing, differentiating and selecting among the various options available in conducting the research such as qualitative or quantitative, primary or secondary, questionnaire or interview. The chapter then lays down the difficulties faced by the researcher in his research. Before this chapter, the research has been primarily been related to collecting secondary data from literature resources and primary data from the sample selected for the survey. However, this chapter deals with the analysis and interpretations of the collected data. Hence, the chapter becomes even more important for the correct interpretation of all the data collected. This chapter has been divided into several sections putting light into all aspects discussed in the research method. Also, this chapter explains the information collected from the survey which is then compared and contradicted with the l iterature. This chapter then explains the conceptual model shown in the literature review chapter. The chapter summarizes the whole research process by laying down the key findings. It further highlights the answers suggested in the study for the aims and objectives laid in the introduction. The chapter further suggests how this study could be used in the banking field and how this research could be enhanced by the future researchers. To conclude the researcher expresses few recommendations to the management in the way the globalization of banking is conducted in the modern era. The key contents of the study have been laid down in this chapter to give an idea of what the study has been conducted for. The aims and objectives of the research have been briefly explained. Also, the research has been more of a personal interest as the study topic has been captivating for the researcher. The second chapter now focuses on the literature in the field of global banking highlighting the key findings and views made by the early researchers. LITERATURE REVIEW: Introduction to Multinational Banking This chapter explores critically the literature that has surrounded multinational banking for the past few decades. The literature has been divided into 2 parts. The first part (A) explores the multinational industry as a whole with a detailed explanation of its key characteristics and the modes of entry a bank can apply for it globalization. Whereas, part (B) highlights the background and the growth of multinational banking as a major industry in the world business followed by a scrutiny of its key determinations and risks. Concept of Multinational Banking This chapter emphasizes on the concept Multinational Banking and the various aspects related with it. The chapter is divided into four sections to make it simple and clear. The chapter begins with the basic meaning and definition of a multinational bank and the types of multinational banks. The second Section then highlights the key characteristics of MNB. The modes of entries for a MNB are then discussed illustrating the various ways in which a bank can internationalize. The chapter finishes with the concluding comments in fifth section. Definition of a Multinational Bank (MNB) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Multinational banking involves the ownership of banking facilities in one country by the citizens of anotherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? [Baker and Bradford (1974), Baum (1974), Lees (1974 and 1976) and Robinson (1972)]. The definition of a MNB is subject to an array of interpretations and is also used interchangeably with terms such as International Bank or Transnational Bank. Broadly, a multinational bank can be classified as an institution through correspondent relationship, foreign direct investment or direct lending to customers from home offices that engages into cross country banking. In many instances, however, multinational bank is used to refer to a bank with physical presence outside its home country through a branch, an agency, a wholly or a majority owned subsidiary, or a bank formed by merger of two or more banks based in different countries and not the ones with a correspondent relationship or a representative office. Robinson (1972) defined Multinational banking as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“operating a bank in, and conducting banking operations that derive from, many different countries and national systemsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. A multinational bank can be compared to a multinational company and can be classified as a financial multinational corporation as they enjoy similar advantages and disadvantages in host country. However, this theory can only be applied to commercial bank that engages in local banking activities in the host country and hence competes with the native banks. Whereas, a Multinational corporation can little be compared with the bank that operates in the super national markets such as Euromarkets as they do not compete with the local indigenous banks. (M.K Levis 1987). H. G Grubel (1977) was one of the first authors who offered a general theory to explain the existence of multinational banking. He argued that MNB had three different types, which needed different explanations. The first was the multinational retail banking, which entered for eign markets to serve local customers through the same local deposits and loans facilities as domestic banks in the host countries. The second category was the multinational service banking, which consisted of banks servicing the requirements of corporate clients and expatriates from its home economy in foreign markets. Lastly, the multinational wholesale banking, it involves taking large deposits, and the making of large loans and investment. It is worth mentioning that Hoschkaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (1993) similar definition of a multinational financial services corporation (MFSC) is confined to firms that provide banking services. In his view à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the fact of possession of a representative office in a given country does not imply that the owner of this office may be called an MFSC, as it merely serve a liaison function for a parent firm but cannot actively operate in the host marketà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. However, the definition the researcher has used for the multinational bank is of any bank which internationalizes it operation. (Jones. G) After we have discussed the related literature on multinational banking in the chapter two, this chapter discusses in depth the research strategy, design process and the methodology used for investigation. It provides the reader with an insight into the various methods and techniques used for this study. The main discussed issues are based on the proposed stages of the research process by Antonio as shown in the table below: 1. Problem Discovery and Definition 2. Research design 3. Sampling 4. Data collection 5. Data processing and analysis 6. Conclusion The stages of the research process Antonio à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Exploring Marketing Researchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, USA: The Dryden Press Problem discovery and definition à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The formulation of the problem is often more essential than the solutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Albert Einstein. According to Malhotra and Birks (2003), problem definition can be defined as the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the general problem and the identification of the specific components of the marketing research problemà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Problem discovery and definition is regarded as the primary method in any research and also one of the most important. Therefore, it is very important to understand the nature, scope and limitations of the problem in order to avoid any misinterpretation and to make it understandable to marketing decision makers and marketing researchers.

Data Protection Act 1998 The Eight Principles Of The...

Data Protection Act 1998 This legislation protects people’s data and information stored on databases. Data subjects are people whose personal data is stored, the rights given to data subjects are: right of subject access, right of correction, right to prevent distress, right to prevent direct marketing, right to prevent automatic decisions, right of compliant to the information commissioner and right to compensation. The eight principles of the data protection act that companies need to adhere to are: 1. used lawfully and fairly 2. used for specified purposes 3. used inadequately or excessively 4. used accurately 5. not kept longer than necessary 6. handled according to data subject’s data protection rights 7. ensure safety and security of data 8. ensure adequate protection if transferred outside the European Economic Area when companies want to use personal data and share data with third parties they have to ask permission from the person whose data they wish to use. On e-commerce sites they can do this by presenting tick boxes when a user enters their details. Computer Misuse Act 1990 This act was introduced to deal with problems caused by hacking. It helps organisations deal with hacking by making the following offences: unauthorised access to computer material, unauthorised access with the intent of facilitating or committing a crime, unauthorised modification of computer material, and supplying, making or obtaining anything that can be used computer misuse crimes.Show MoreRelatedRecording, Analysing and Using Hr Information Essay848 Words   |  4 PagesRecording, analysing and using HR information Activity 1 Further to your request for the review of the organisation’s approach to collecting, storing and using HR data please see the briefing note below. 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Calcium Facts - Ca or Atomic Number 20

Calcium is silver to gray solid metal that develops a pale yellow tint. It is element atomic number 20 on the periodic table with the symbol Ca. Unlike most transition metals, calcium and its compounds exhibit a low toxicity. The element is essential for human nutrition. Take a look at calcium periodic table facts and learn about the elements history, uses, properties, and sources. Calcium Basic Facts Symbol: CaAtomic Number: 20Atomic Weight: 40.078Classification: Alkaline EarthCAS Number: 7440-701-2 Calcium Periodic Table Location Group: 2Period: 4Block: s Calcium Electron Configuration Short Form: [Ar]4s2Long Form: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2Shell Structure: 2 8 8 2 Calcium Discovery Discovery Date: 1808Discoverer: Sir Humphrey Davy [England]Name: Calcium derives its name from the Latin calcis which was the word for lime (calcium oxide, CaO) and limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3)History: The Romans prepared lime in the first century, but the metal was not discovered until 1808. Swedish chemist Berzelius and Swedish court physician Pontin created an amalgam of calcium and mercury by electrolyzing lime and mercury oxide. Davy managed to isolate pure calcium metal from their amalgam. Calcium Physical Data State at room temperature (300 K): SolidAppearance: fairly hard, silvery white metalDensity: 1.55 g/ccSpecific Gravity: 1.55 (20  °C)Melting Point: 1115 KBoiling Point: 1757 KCritical Point: 2880 KHeat of Fusion: 8.54 kJ/molHeat of Vaporization: 154.7 kJ/molMolar Heat Capacity: 25.929 J/mol ·KSpecific Heat: 0.647 J/g ·K (at 20  °C) Calcium Atomic Data Oxidation States: 2 (most common), 1Electronegativity: 1.00Electron Affinity: 2.368 kJ/molAtomic Radius: 197 pmAtomic Volume: 29.9 cc/molIonic Radius: 99 (2e)Covalent Radius: 174 pmVan der Waals Radius: 231 pmFirst Ionization Energy: 589.830 kJ/molSecond Ionization Energy: 1145.446 kJ/molThird Ionization Energy: 4912.364 kJ/mol Calcium Nuclear Data Number of Naturally Occurring Isotopes: 6Isotopes and % Abundance: 40Ca (96.941), 42Ca (0.647), 43Ca (0.135), 44Ca (2.086), 46Ca (0.004) and 48Ca (0.187) Calcium Crystal Data Lattice Structure: Face-Centered CubicLattice Constant: 5.580 Ã…Debye Temperature: 230.00 K Calcium Uses Calcium is essential for human nutrition. Animals skeletons get their rigidity primarily from calcium phosphate. The eggs of birds and shells of mollusks are comprised of calcium carbonate. Calcium is also necessary for plant growth. Calcium is used as a reducing agent when preparing metals from their halogen and oxygen compounds; as a reagent in purification of inert gases; to fix atmospheric nitrogen; as a scavenger and decarbonizer in metallurgy; and for making alloys. Calcium compounds are used in making lime, bricks, cement, glass, paint, paper, sugar, glazes, as well as for many other uses. Miscellaneous Calcium Facts Calcium is the 5th most abundant element in the Earths crust, making up 3.22% of the earth, air, and oceans.Calcium is not found free in nature, but calcium compounds are common. Some of the most common compounds found on Earth are limestone (calcium carbonate - CaCO3), gypsum (calcium sulfate - CaSO4 ·2H2O), fluorite (calcium fluoride - CaF2) and apatite (calcium fluorophosphate - CaFO3P or calcium chlorophosphate - CaClO3P)The top three countries that produce calcium are China, United States and India.Calcium is the main component of teeth and bones. However, too much calcium can lead to kidney stones or artery calcification.Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the human body. Approximately one third of the mass of the human body is calcium after all water is removed.Calcium burns with a dark red color in a flame test.Calcium is used in fireworks to deepen the color. Calcium salts are used to produce orange in fireworks.Calcium metal is soft enough to cut with a knife, a lthough somewhat harder than the metal lead.People and other animals can often taste the calcium ion. People report is as contributing a mineral, sour, or salty flavor.Calcium metal reacts exothermically with water or acid. Skin contact with calcium metal can cause irritation, corrosion, and chemical burns. Ingesting or inhaling calcium metal can be fatal due to the burns it can produce. Sources Hluchan, Stephen E.; Pomerantz, Kenneth (2006)  Calcium and Calcium Alloys. Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.  Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_515.pub2Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.

The Importance of Determination Essay - 687 Words

The Importance of Determination Everyday people face challenges, but it is important that one does not give up, and to keep trying until they successfully overcome the obstacles that stand in their way. â€Å"Mother to Son† by Langston Hughes and â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou are two different works written by two different authors yet they both convey the same message. Together, the two authors stress the significance of pushing harder when faced with conflicts rather than simply giving up. Using figurative language and repetition, Langston Hughes and Maya Angelou effectively emphasize this message in both of their poems. In both poems, both authors attempt to convince the reader of the importance of not giving up and trying harder, and†¦show more content†¦Angelou writes, â€Å"You may trod me in the very dirt / But still, like dust, I’ll rise.† (Angelou, 3-4). Angelou compares triumph after a challenge in life being similar to that of dust rising after dirt has been tro tted on, thus proving that just as important as it was for the dust to rise after the dirt, it is equally as important to rise after being faced with a challenge in life. Identically to the previous quotation, Angelou again expresses the importance of determination by writing, â€Å"Just like moons and like suns / With the certainty of tides / Just like hopes springing high / Still I’ll rise.† (9-12). Angelou effectively compares the sure rising of moons and suns rising with the certainty of tides, and the guaranteed rise of hopes to her own certainty to rise. Her persistence to continue to rise after being put through many evident hardships demonstrates the importance of pushing harder when encountering difficulties rather than quitting when things get hard. All things considered, both poets are able to successfully interpret the importance of pushing harder when faced with conflicts rather than simply giving up by using figurative language such as metaphors and simil es. Equally as significant as the use of figurative language in both Langston Hughes’ poem, and Maya Angelou’s poem, is the useShow MoreRelatedThe United Nations Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples855 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the Cornell University Law School’s ‘Legal Information Institute’, self-determination ‘denotes the legal right of people to decide their own destiny in the international order’. 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A third significant example is George and Lennie s dream of having their own place. These three examples display the theme that having high aspirations breed hope, friendship, and determination, enabling

Symptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease - 2254 Words

Why do people wake up in the morning? Is it to drive to school or work or perhaps to make it to the gym for that early morning workout session? Regardless of why people wake up, one thing that people have in common is that they’re aware of who they are and what they want to accomplish, well for the most part that is. There are many people living in this world with a disease called Alzheimer’s, which is a very deadly and mysterious disease. Alzheimer’s is a type of Dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. This disease is a progressive cognitive disorder that deteriorates brain cells eventually to the point of destroying them. This kind of deterioration leads to memory loss as well as alterations in thinking and†¦show more content†¦Through musical participation in the therapeutic environment, clients capacities are reinforced and conveyed in other areas of their lives. Additionally, Music therapy also offers ways for communicatio n that can be accommodating to the people who find it challenging to express themselves in words. Research in music therapy supports its effectiveness in many areas such as: overall physical rehabilitation and facilitating movement, increasing people s motivation to become engaged in their treatment, providing emotional support for clients and their families, and providing an outlet for expression of feelings (Gregory59). Whether it is apparent at first or not music therapy interventions help the patient improve their diminishing cognitive function ability with the music that is selected as well as the intervention applied, which plays a major role in the process. There are many people who believe that music therapy truly works when helping patients, such as Dassa Ayelet who has a PHD from Bar-llan in Israel and wrote her dissertation on the impact of singing in music therapy groups on the language abilities of Alzheimer’s patients in moderate to severe stages. She has been working as a music therapist with people with Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s disease for almost 17 years. In her clinical work,

The Feeling of Hockey free essay sample

It starts in the locker room when I put on my gear, and lace up my skates. Visualizing. How am I going to play? Will I Score? Are we going to win? I put on my jersey. Arrowhead logo on the front—Dvorak on the back. When I skate onto that ice, I want people to know who I am. Sam Dvorak—from Arrowhead. By putting on my jersey, by playing the sport, that is what I am doing. Representing my name, and my school. Were just sitting there now. Waiting to go out on the ice. Will I even play? Am I going to get hit? Will we lose? It’s time to go out on the ice. We’re walking through the tunnel, music playing, fans screaming with excitement. Only question I have now is, how many? How many goals will I score? How many hits will I have? How many goals are we going to win by? As I step out on the ice, all my problems vanish. We will write a custom essay sample on The Feeling of Hockey or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The only thought on my mind is hockey. We skate around the rink, air flowing through my body. My heart is racing as the National Anthem is being played. We set up for the faceoff. The puck drops. The game has started! Hockey is my life, and I play it with passion, and the mindset of this being the last time I will ever play hockey. Not only do I have hard work and dedication to hockey, but many other things as well, like helping people and towards school. I will work hard at everything I do and that is how I will enrich the community.