Calcium Facts - Ca or Atomic Number 20

Calcium is silver to gray solid metal that develops a pale yellow tint. It is element atomic number 20 on the periodic table with the symbol Ca. Unlike most transition metals, calcium and its compounds exhibit a low toxicity. The element is essential for human nutrition. Take a look at calcium periodic table facts and learn about the elements history, uses, properties, and sources. Calcium Basic Facts Symbol: CaAtomic Number: 20Atomic Weight: 40.078Classification: Alkaline EarthCAS Number: 7440-701-2 Calcium Periodic Table Location Group: 2Period: 4Block: s Calcium Electron Configuration Short Form: [Ar]4s2Long Form: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2Shell Structure: 2 8 8 2 Calcium Discovery Discovery Date: 1808Discoverer: Sir Humphrey Davy [England]Name: Calcium derives its name from the Latin calcis which was the word for lime (calcium oxide, CaO) and limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3)History: The Romans prepared lime in the first century, but the metal was not discovered until 1808. Swedish chemist Berzelius and Swedish court physician Pontin created an amalgam of calcium and mercury by electrolyzing lime and mercury oxide. Davy managed to isolate pure calcium metal from their amalgam. Calcium Physical Data State at room temperature (300 K): SolidAppearance: fairly hard, silvery white metalDensity: 1.55 g/ccSpecific Gravity: 1.55 (20  °C)Melting Point: 1115 KBoiling Point: 1757 KCritical Point: 2880 KHeat of Fusion: 8.54 kJ/molHeat of Vaporization: 154.7 kJ/molMolar Heat Capacity: 25.929 J/mol ·KSpecific Heat: 0.647 J/g ·K (at 20  °C) Calcium Atomic Data Oxidation States: 2 (most common), 1Electronegativity: 1.00Electron Affinity: 2.368 kJ/molAtomic Radius: 197 pmAtomic Volume: 29.9 cc/molIonic Radius: 99 (2e)Covalent Radius: 174 pmVan der Waals Radius: 231 pmFirst Ionization Energy: 589.830 kJ/molSecond Ionization Energy: 1145.446 kJ/molThird Ionization Energy: 4912.364 kJ/mol Calcium Nuclear Data Number of Naturally Occurring Isotopes: 6Isotopes and % Abundance: 40Ca (96.941), 42Ca (0.647), 43Ca (0.135), 44Ca (2.086), 46Ca (0.004) and 48Ca (0.187) Calcium Crystal Data Lattice Structure: Face-Centered CubicLattice Constant: 5.580 Ã…Debye Temperature: 230.00 K Calcium Uses Calcium is essential for human nutrition. Animals skeletons get their rigidity primarily from calcium phosphate. The eggs of birds and shells of mollusks are comprised of calcium carbonate. Calcium is also necessary for plant growth. Calcium is used as a reducing agent when preparing metals from their halogen and oxygen compounds; as a reagent in purification of inert gases; to fix atmospheric nitrogen; as a scavenger and decarbonizer in metallurgy; and for making alloys. Calcium compounds are used in making lime, bricks, cement, glass, paint, paper, sugar, glazes, as well as for many other uses. Miscellaneous Calcium Facts Calcium is the 5th most abundant element in the Earths crust, making up 3.22% of the earth, air, and oceans.Calcium is not found free in nature, but calcium compounds are common. Some of the most common compounds found on Earth are limestone (calcium carbonate - CaCO3), gypsum (calcium sulfate - CaSO4 ·2H2O), fluorite (calcium fluoride - CaF2) and apatite (calcium fluorophosphate - CaFO3P or calcium chlorophosphate - CaClO3P)The top three countries that produce calcium are China, United States and India.Calcium is the main component of teeth and bones. However, too much calcium can lead to kidney stones or artery calcification.Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the human body. Approximately one third of the mass of the human body is calcium after all water is removed.Calcium burns with a dark red color in a flame test.Calcium is used in fireworks to deepen the color. Calcium salts are used to produce orange in fireworks.Calcium metal is soft enough to cut with a knife, a lthough somewhat harder than the metal lead.People and other animals can often taste the calcium ion. People report is as contributing a mineral, sour, or salty flavor.Calcium metal reacts exothermically with water or acid. Skin contact with calcium metal can cause irritation, corrosion, and chemical burns. Ingesting or inhaling calcium metal can be fatal due to the burns it can produce. Sources Hluchan, Stephen E.; Pomerantz, Kenneth (2006)  Calcium and Calcium Alloys. Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.  Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_515.pub2Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.

The Importance of Determination Essay - 687 Words

The Importance of Determination Everyday people face challenges, but it is important that one does not give up, and to keep trying until they successfully overcome the obstacles that stand in their way. â€Å"Mother to Son† by Langston Hughes and â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou are two different works written by two different authors yet they both convey the same message. Together, the two authors stress the significance of pushing harder when faced with conflicts rather than simply giving up. Using figurative language and repetition, Langston Hughes and Maya Angelou effectively emphasize this message in both of their poems. In both poems, both authors attempt to convince the reader of the importance of not giving up and trying harder, and†¦show more content†¦Angelou writes, â€Å"You may trod me in the very dirt / But still, like dust, I’ll rise.† (Angelou, 3-4). Angelou compares triumph after a challenge in life being similar to that of dust rising after dirt has been tro tted on, thus proving that just as important as it was for the dust to rise after the dirt, it is equally as important to rise after being faced with a challenge in life. Identically to the previous quotation, Angelou again expresses the importance of determination by writing, â€Å"Just like moons and like suns / With the certainty of tides / Just like hopes springing high / Still I’ll rise.† (9-12). Angelou effectively compares the sure rising of moons and suns rising with the certainty of tides, and the guaranteed rise of hopes to her own certainty to rise. Her persistence to continue to rise after being put through many evident hardships demonstrates the importance of pushing harder when encountering difficulties rather than quitting when things get hard. All things considered, both poets are able to successfully interpret the importance of pushing harder when faced with conflicts rather than simply giving up by using figurative language such as metaphors and simil es. Equally as significant as the use of figurative language in both Langston Hughes’ poem, and Maya Angelou’s poem, is the useShow MoreRelatedThe United Nations Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples855 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the Cornell University Law School’s ‘Legal Information Institute’, self-determination ‘denotes the legal right of people to decide their own destiny in the international order’. 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Symptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease - 2254 Words

Why do people wake up in the morning? Is it to drive to school or work or perhaps to make it to the gym for that early morning workout session? Regardless of why people wake up, one thing that people have in common is that they’re aware of who they are and what they want to accomplish, well for the most part that is. There are many people living in this world with a disease called Alzheimer’s, which is a very deadly and mysterious disease. Alzheimer’s is a type of Dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. This disease is a progressive cognitive disorder that deteriorates brain cells eventually to the point of destroying them. This kind of deterioration leads to memory loss as well as alterations in thinking and†¦show more content†¦Through musical participation in the therapeutic environment, clients capacities are reinforced and conveyed in other areas of their lives. Additionally, Music therapy also offers ways for communicatio n that can be accommodating to the people who find it challenging to express themselves in words. Research in music therapy supports its effectiveness in many areas such as: overall physical rehabilitation and facilitating movement, increasing people s motivation to become engaged in their treatment, providing emotional support for clients and their families, and providing an outlet for expression of feelings (Gregory59). Whether it is apparent at first or not music therapy interventions help the patient improve their diminishing cognitive function ability with the music that is selected as well as the intervention applied, which plays a major role in the process. There are many people who believe that music therapy truly works when helping patients, such as Dassa Ayelet who has a PHD from Bar-llan in Israel and wrote her dissertation on the impact of singing in music therapy groups on the language abilities of Alzheimer’s patients in moderate to severe stages. She has been working as a music therapist with people with Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s disease for almost 17 years. In her clinical work,

The Feeling of Hockey free essay sample

It starts in the locker room when I put on my gear, and lace up my skates. Visualizing. How am I going to play? Will I Score? Are we going to win? I put on my jersey. Arrowhead logo on the front—Dvorak on the back. When I skate onto that ice, I want people to know who I am. Sam Dvorak—from Arrowhead. By putting on my jersey, by playing the sport, that is what I am doing. Representing my name, and my school. Were just sitting there now. Waiting to go out on the ice. Will I even play? Am I going to get hit? Will we lose? It’s time to go out on the ice. We’re walking through the tunnel, music playing, fans screaming with excitement. Only question I have now is, how many? How many goals will I score? How many hits will I have? How many goals are we going to win by? As I step out on the ice, all my problems vanish. We will write a custom essay sample on The Feeling of Hockey or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The only thought on my mind is hockey. We skate around the rink, air flowing through my body. My heart is racing as the National Anthem is being played. We set up for the faceoff. The puck drops. The game has started! Hockey is my life, and I play it with passion, and the mindset of this being the last time I will ever play hockey. Not only do I have hard work and dedication to hockey, but many other things as well, like helping people and towards school. I will work hard at everything I do and that is how I will enrich the community.

Organizational Behavior for Leadership as well as Personality

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behavior for Leadership as well as Personality. Answer: Colbert, A. E., Barrick, M. R., Bradley, B. H. (2014). Personality and leadership composition in top management teams: Implications for organizational effectiveness.Personnel Psychology,67(2), 351-387. The authors used direct measures to measure the leadership as well as personality attributes among the top management teams of organizations. The authors of the article belong to the University of Iowa, Texas University and University of Oklahoma. The article is intended for the organizations and the senior management of the firm. The implications of these two parameters has been assessed on the overall organizational effectiveness. Results have shown that there was interconnection between the conscientiousness and organization. There were also cross linkages between the conscientiousness of CEO and the various attributes of transformational leadership. This article focused on the fact that it is important to understand the various attributes of leadership that leads to effective organizations. The results show that that transformational leadership of the top management directly affected the commitment level of the followers. This article topic defined the bibliography topic in measuring the outcomes of the leadership process in organization. It also defines that fact that the organization is able to function when there is coalition of leaders rather than a single leader. The study was conducted on the vice presidents, CEO, senior executives across United States. The leadership role of the senior management would also help in better financial performance. Zwingmann, I., Wegge, J., Wolf, S., Rudolf, M., Schmidt, M., Richter, P. (2014). Is transformational leadership healthy for employees? A multilevel analysis in 16 nations.German Journal of Human Resource Management,28(1-2), 24-51. The article on health aspects of the transformational leadership showed critical aspects of the leadership. The study explored the effects of the transformational and laissez-faire leadership in approximately 16 countries with 11,117 teams, who belong to an international company. The study measured the perception of the employees (regarding their supervisors leadership behavior) and its impact on the employees individual health. One of the most critical features of effective leadership is better perceived health among the employees. Thus is because of the fact that the employees have better work satisfaction in the environment of good transformational leadership. The journal differed from the earlier article in the fact that the earlier one discussed the outcome of the effective leadership while this article focused on the one of the core characteristics of leadership. There was augmentation effect on the employees which was evident in all six countries. This study was relevant to the bibliography topic as it identified one of the core features of the leadership attributes- leadership enhances the health of the employees. This is due to the fact that having a clear vision of the leaders would also help the employees to receive right rewards and recognition. This would also help the employees to get good health. Laureani, A., Antony, J. (2017). Leadership characteristics for Lean Six Sigma.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,28(3-4), 405-426. The author Allesandro Laureani and Jiju Antony presented the article on leadership characteristics for lean six sigma on Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. This article established the relationship between lean six sigma and leadership in the various organizations. The article identified that the leadership is one of the critical success factor for successful implementation of the lean six sigma in the organization. This article used the research on the qualitative analysis by performing semi-structured questionnaires that focused on the participants views regarding the inter relationship between the success levels displayed in six sigma and the leadership attributes. This article is different from the previous article as it identified one of the deployment in the organization and how the characteristics of leadership affects the same. The article focused on ten features of leadership namely consistent, targeted, communicative, inspirational, flexible, leading by example, able to build, clearly define the roles to others. This is the way this article fulfilled the requirement of the bibliography topic. Crossan, M. M., Byrne, A., Seijts, G. H., Reno, M., Monzani, L., Gandz, J. (2017). Toward a framework of leader character in organizations.Journal of Management Studies. The article on the Toward a framework of leader character in organizations written by Crossan identifies the fact that there are several shades of the leader character. There are several phases such as multi method approach, three phase and the engaged scholarship epistemology. This article is related to the bibliography topic in such a way that the leadership is closely connected with the interpersonal focus and the traditional competency. However, the article failed to mention clearly about the different characteristics of the leaders in organization. It throwed light on the different virtues connected with leadership such as ethical leadership, ethical decision making, judgement and others. There are evidences that the study would deal with the leader character which is embedded in the broad domain of leadership. Babiak, J., Bajcar, B., Nosal, C. S. (2017). Heterogeneity of Leadership Styles as Behavioral Units: The Role of Personality in Searching for Leadership Profiles. InAdvances in Human Factors, Business Management, Training and Education(pp. 107-120). Springer International Publishing. The article focused on the different heterogenous approaches of the leadership and the close relation of the personality with the leadership profile. This study has used cluster analysis to explore different heterogenous leadership styles. The findings reveal that there are several differences in the leadership profiles and all leadership styles are not same. The different leaders have different personality traits. The authors opine that there can be natural leaders who have personality traits such as task oriented, active, conscientiousness and sociable. The article is unique and different from the others since it defines particular personality dimensions of the leaders, which shapes their behavior and characteristics. This article also collated wide range of leadership traits which are found in the real leaders. This article helped in better understanding of the bibliography topic and helped in understanding of the effective leadership characteristics. References Babiak, J., Bajcar, B., Nosal, C. S. (2017). Heterogeneity of Leadership Styles as Behavioral Units: The Role of Personality in Searching for Leadership Profiles. InAdvances in Human Factors, Business Management, Training and Education(pp. 107-120). Springer International Publishing. Colbert, A. E., Barrick, M. R., Bradley, B. H. (2014). Personality and leadership composition in top management teams: Implications for organizational effectiveness.Personnel Psychology,67(2), 351-387. Crossan, M. M., Byrne, A., Seijts, G. H., Reno, M., Monzani, L., Gandz, J. (2017). Toward a framework of leader character in organizations.Journal of Management Studies. Laureani, A., Antony, J. (2017). Leadership characteristics for Lean Six Sigma.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,28(3-4), 405-426. Zwingmann, I., Wegge, J., Wolf, S., Rudolf, M., Schmidt, M., Richter, P. (2014). Is transformational leadership healthy for employees? A multilevel analysis in 16 nations.German Journal of Human Resource Management,28(1-2), 24-51.

Pillow Angel Ashley free essay sample

Their roles in this controversy were as enablers. The parents felt that because Ashley had brain damage they needed to stop her growth and menstrual cycle. Even though the procedures were controversial the parents were still seeking for a way to make it happen. The so-called â€Å"treatments† that were performed were breast bud removal to discontinue the growth of her breast, a hysterectomy to get rid of her menstrual cycle, and estrogen therapy to weaken her growth. (Peace, 2007, 5) The supporters for the disabled believe that the physicians will never comprehend the true value of their deeds. Dr. Douglas Diekema, who was the chairman of the ethics board of Seattle Children’s Hospital, stated that even he could not believe what the parents were asking he had to take in to consideration as to why they wanted the procedures done. (Gibbs, 2007,4) The treatment was not even tested yet and Ashley was not in any danger if she did not get the treatment. We will write a custom essay sample on Pillow Angel Ashley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So was the treatment really beneficial to Ashley or more for her parents? For the sake of convenience, Ashley’s parents were willing to make an unethical request of doctors. They wanted the treatments for the sake of making it being easier for them to move her and the ability to continue to lift Ashley up for baths and being able to dress her. (Gibbs, 2007,5) Ashley was only 6 years old when her parents decided to have all the procedures done. At such a young age her parents took away her identity. (Gibbs, 2007,8) Could they not find a better way to handle this? There could be a chance of Ashley being able to move an electronic wheelchair with her head had they waited to see if she was capable of that. As much as the doctors wanted to help how far would they go to just to benefit the parents with the care of Ashley? â€Å"Turning people into permanent children denies them dignity and whatever subtle therapeutic benefit comes from being seen as adult. † (Gibbs, 2007, ) This is made even more unethical because her parent’s claimed to be college educated professionals and so their decision goes to prove that it was for convenience. The parent’s preference trumps Ashley’s fundamental human rights. Ashley’s parents were stunned at some of the comments that were posted on their chat boards. Some of the remarks were stating that they found the Pillow angel Ashley offensive and stated that it was â€Å"truly a milestone in our convenience society† and some just could not grasp the thought of why the parents chose this route. (Pilikington, 2007, 7) Would this treatment be tolerated if parents would want this for a healthy child? Mary Johnson who is an editor for Ragged Edge an online magazine for disabled activist said, â€Å"People have been horrified by the discrepancy. (Pilikington, 2007,  ¶8) Mary Johnson was frightened at the fact that if another child with a different disease would get the same procedure but not have the same effects as Ashley. The co-writer of Archives of Pediatrics amp; Adolescent Medicine, criticizing treatment for Ashley was an experiment without any research, stated that it was a â€Å"technological solution to a social program. † (Pilikington, 2007, 10) The confidentiality laws in medicine are important especially for cases such as these because of the backlash and controversy it can stir.

How to Compare and Contrast Essay Samples

How to Compare and Contrast Essay SamplesOne method of presenting an essay is to have it compared and contrasted with a sample work of essay. This method will help the student who is struggling to understand what a sample work of essay should look like, and can also help the student to make decisions about their own work. This article will discuss how to compare and contrast essay samples and how to make your own essays compare and contrast with them.Be sure to watch all four videos in your video software and, while they are playing, study each one carefully. Also, take notes during the video (these notes will be your guide to the assignments you will have to do later). In some of the examples, you may want to go over a couple times just to make sure that you are reading the material clearly and correctly.The first example is from the book A Sample Work of Compare and Contrast: an Introduction by Harry Peters and Ronald Gordon. In this case, the student will read an essay by Stanley Milgram. The essay is about how people respond to the topic 'Ethics of Torture'. The essay describes a situation where Milgram has instructed the subject to kill other subjects by a voltmeter attached to the subject's foot. If the subject refuses to do so, they will be shocked.In the second example, the student will read a thesis statement about the different communication styles of people, which is different than how most people communicate. The thesis statement is about how communication styles can cause misunderstandings between people. The thesis statement will also describe how people who communicate differently often cause misunderstanding between people.In the third example, the student will read about a novel by Erich Fromm called 'The Sorrows of Young Werther'. The novel describes the way that people communicate through various means and see the world in various ways. In this case, the student will read about how Erich Fromm sees the world in terms of the way he communicate s and how different communication styles can lead to misunderstandings between people.In the fourth example, the student will read an essay by the same author named 'In a Sense Like Hearing'. In this essay, the student will read about how in a similar situation as the one in the other two examples, Erich Fromm experienced the same type of 'misunderstanding' that people often experience when communicating with other people. In this essay, the student will read about how Erich Fromm communicates using a different form of communication that leads to different misunderstandings between people.In the last example, the student will read about a thesis statement by the same author named 'The Case of Mary's Disease'. In this case, the student will read about how Mary thinks that she will die if she doesn't have surgery. In this case, the student will read about how, when Mary visits the doctor and explains what the doctor is doing to her, the doctor offers Mary medication but Mary declines. Finally, in this final example, the student will read about different types of communication that lead to different misunderstandings between people. After reviewing all four video essays, and after making notes, you should be able to compare and contrast essay samples, and make your own work comparable to a sample work of essay.